MEDICAL REPORTING 14 AUG 90

File: 072496_may96_decls9_0069.txt
Page: 0069
Total Pages: 79

Subject: MEDICAL REPORTING  14 AUG 90                                    

Unit: 24TH ID     

Parent  Organization: XVIII CORPS 

Box ID: BX001433

Folder Seq #:          5

Document Number:         17





                                                                                                                    OMAN




                                      DISEASESOFOPERATIONALIWORTANCE

               Diseases arc prioritized in descending order of expected impact oa military operations It no preventive
               measures are taken. The order provided does not take Into account possible extraordinary events such as
               periodic epidemics of highly cyclic d@ascs, natural disasters, or armed cong[CL

                   DISEASES WITII SIIORT INCUBATION PERIODS (USUALLY LRSS IIIAN 15 DAYS)

               ACURE DUMIEAL DisE&srs (6 hours to 10 days)
                   Transmission: Ingestion of causative ngcnts or their to)dns In coiitarainatcd food or water.
                   Risk Period/Distribution: Occur year-round, with overall lticr@d Incidence from July to
                       September. Viral cases increase from December to March, bacterial cases from June to October.
                       Occur countrywide, but are more common In rural village areas outside the capital city area of      :,I
                       MuscaL
                   Remnrks: Frequently occurring pathogens include entcrotoxigenic Escherichia coll (MEC),
                       rotavirus(mostcommoninchildren),Sljigcllaspp.,Salinonellaspp.,andCampylobacterspp.
                       'Desc diseases are the most common cttuscs of morbidity among ilia local population (there were
                       293,810 reported cases in 1983). Both ilia risk nnd the overall Incidence of these diseases are
                       decreasing in the capital city area of Muscat, where die water Is potable. Nevertheless, acute
                       diarrheal diseases remain a problem for nonindigenous personnel, especially In areas other than
                       Muscat. Shigellosis, usually due to Sliigelia sotz)iei'or S. flatiterl, Is common, and reports of
ug resistance Is common among Sabnoiletta spp. and
                       Sltigella spp. isolates.

               MALARIA (12 to 14 days)
                   Transmlsslon/Vector Ecology: Bitc of an Infective mosquito (Aizoplictes spp.). 110 primary mosquito
                       vectors arc Air. stepheitsi (in urban areas) and AiL ctilicifacies (in rumi areas).
                   PJsk Period/Dlstribution: Transmission occurs year-round, with a seasonal peak from November to
                       April. Malaria transmission occurs below 2,000 motors cleva(lon In Ilia inland mountainous village
                       areas of north-ccniral Oman, especially around Nazwa. Transmission also occurs along the Batinah
                       coastalplainnorthoftheSceblnicmnlionalAirpor4lottienotilicrnt>orderwitlillicUi@tedAmb
                       Emirates. The capital area around Muscat and the southern Ditofar region are tisk-free, atillou0i
                       die mosquito vectors are present at some locations. The most intense transhsslan occurs In the
                       inland mountain village areas.
                   Rem:trks: Most clinical cases occur In ilia Inland mounttin areas. The countrywide slide positively
                       rate is 2 to 3 percent. Clinical cases usually tire seen from November to December, with epidemics
                       occurring in wct years (such as 1988). As a result of an active control progritm, Ilia number of crises
                       reported countrywide has declined from more than 3W,000 per year (1976 to 1983) to 24,619
                       (1988). Plasmodiunifalciparuns causes more titan 80 percent of ilia Indigenous cases, with P. vivax
                       causing the remaining cases. An active monitoring program has not detected drug-tesi3tant
                       falciparum malaria.

               ACUTE RR,-SPIRATORY DISEASES (I to 10 days)
                   Transmission: Direct or indirect contact with infectious droplets.
 RJsk Perlo(I/Dlstribution: Occur year-round, with Increased Incidence from July to August duo to
                       dusty conditions and from December to I'cbrunt-y duo to Influenza activity.
                   Remarks: Acute respiratory diseases arc the most common causes of morbidity during the winter
                       months and may be a major source of morbidity among nonindigenous personnel.




               revised: April 1990

Document 79 f:/Week-22/BX001433/MEDICAL REPORTING-DIVISION SURGEON/medical reporting 14 aug 90:07199610201768
Control Fields 17
File Room = may96_declassified
File Cabinet = Week-22
Box ID = BX001433
Unit = 24TH ID
Parent Organization = XVIII CORPS
Folder Title = MEDICAL REPORTING-DIVISION SURGEON
Folder Seq # = 5
Subject = MEDICAL REPORTING 14 AUG 90
Document Seq # = 68
Document Date =
Scan Date =
Queued for Declassification = 01-JAN-1980
Short Term Referral = 01-JAN-1980
Long Term Referral = 01-JAN-1980
Permanent Referral = 01-JAN-1980
Non-Health Related Document = 01-JAN-1980
Declassified = 19-JUL-1996