MEDICAL REPORTING 14 AUG 90

File: 072496_may96_decls9_0071.txt
Page: 0071
Total Pages: 79

Subject: MEDICAL REPORTING  14 AUG 90                                    

Unit: 24TH ID     

Parent  Organization: XVIII CORPS 

Box ID: BX001433

Folder Seq #:          5

Document Number:         17





                                                                                                           OMAN



                    reported. Plilebotontuspapatasii, the poicngat sandtly vector, Is present.
                Dengue has been reported historically from the noruicm coastal areas, but Is not believed to be
                    circulating at present 'Me mosquito vector, Aeda acgypil, 1.4 present In somc areas.

                DISEASES WITII LONG INCUBA-NON PERIODS (USUALLY MORE TIL&N 15 DAYS)

           VIRAL IIEPATMS (15 to 180 days)
                Transmission: Hepafltis A @@person to person by the fecal-oral route; hepatitis 13 (R]3V)-
                    contact with causative agent through blood transfusions, contaminated needles, sexual contac4
                    and contaminated perineal wounds; non-A non-B hepatitis (NANB)-may be calorically
                    transrrdttcd (A-like) or parentcrally transmitted (B-like).
                Risk PeriodfDlstribution: Year-round, with Increased incidence from October to December. Occurs
                    countrywide.
                Remarks:Tlcannual num6crof rcportcdcasesofacutovirnlhcpatitlsisabout2,0001 niost'mesara
                    due to hepatitis A virus (IIAV). HAV is widely circulating, but the level may be lower than
                    previously existed in the capital city of Musca@ where Improvements In sanitation have been made.
                    Anti@es occur in an estimated 90 percent of children by age 10, and in almost 100 percent of
                    adults. Antibodies to hcpauds B virus (IIBV) occur in a high percentage of the population (30 to
                    40 percent). The HBV carrier rate is estimated at nearly 3 perccn4 resulting in it high number of
                    chronic complicadons.nic delta agent 0 [DV) has not been reported, but is suspected. Parentemlly-
                    imnsniit(cd NANB hepatitis (hepatills C or IICV) Is reported sporadically. Entodcnily-tmnsniitted
NB hcpati@ is not reported. IJAV, HBV (and IIDV), and I ICV are major health liautds to
                    nonindigcnous personnel.

           LT.-IsIl@tAsis (I week to many months)
                TransmlWon/Vector Ecology: Bite of an Infective sand fly. Most sand flies are active between'
                    sunsct and dawn, and have a very limiledaiglit range. Ile primary vector for cutaneous
                    Icislimaniasis (CL) is Plilcbotomuspal)atasii. Tlio sand fly vector for visceral lcistimaniasts (VL)
                    has not been identified.
                Risk Period/Distribution: Transmission of CL and VL Is sporadic, but can occur year-round,
                    1=ldng from July Uirough September.
                Remarks: CL is reported rarely; the last reported indigenous cm was In 1984 and was caused by
                    Lcishinaiiia major. VL, caused by L. doirovmii, is reported sporadically, and there usually are
                    fewer than 10 cases a year (a total of 127 cases from 1978 to 19a5). VL has been reported In the
                    northeastern inland mountain villages of Sliarikiya and Dlialtira, with most cases occurring In
                    children.

            sciiisTosomiAsis (2 to 6 weeks)
                Transmlssion/Vcctor Ikology: Penetration of the skin by watetborne larval forms (cercadee) of die
                    parasite, which develop in snails in freshwater liabil-its.nic primary Intermediate host for
                    Sciiislosoma' miuuotti (cause of die Intestinal form of the disease) Is Biomplialaria arabica, and
                    for S. hocniatobium (cause of the urinary form) is Buliniiis ivrigittl
                Risk Period/Disttibution: Tmns@ion occurs year-round, and Increases after heavy tains.
                    Distribution of intestinal schistosomiasis is focal In the southern DlioCEir region, In the vicini ty
                    of Salatah (in the coastal wadis). The snail intermediate host has been detected In die northeastern
                   mountainous arms, but has not been associated with any human cases.
                Remnrks: Only clinical cases of intestinal sciiistosomiasis have been reported. Fewer flian 100 cases
                    have been reported from Araza@ Mrbal, Taqab, and Solatali In the southern Dltofar region.

Document 79 f:/Week-22/BX001433/MEDICAL REPORTING-DIVISION SURGEON/medical reporting 14 aug 90:07199610201768
Control Fields 17
File Room = may96_declassified
File Cabinet = Week-22
Box ID = BX001433
Unit = 24TH ID
Parent Organization = XVIII CORPS
Folder Title = MEDICAL REPORTING-DIVISION SURGEON
Folder Seq # = 5
Subject = MEDICAL REPORTING 14 AUG 90
Document Seq # = 68
Document Date =
Scan Date =
Queued for Declassification = 01-JAN-1980
Short Term Referral = 01-JAN-1980
Long Term Referral = 01-JAN-1980
Permanent Referral = 01-JAN-1980
Non-Health Related Document = 01-JAN-1980
Declassified = 19-JUL-1996