MEDICAL REPORT 14 AUG 90

File: 123096_may96_decls3_0069.txt
Page: 0069
Total Pages: 79

Subject: MEDICAL REPORT  14 AUG 90                                       

Unit: 24TH ID     

Parent Organization: XVIII CORPS 

Box  ID: BX001433

Folder Title: MEDICAL REPORTING-DIVISION SURGEON                                                              

Document Number:         17

Folder Seq  #:        456





                                                                                                             OMAN




                                    DISEASE@SOFOPERATIONALIMIIORTANCr,-

             Diseases are priorid@ in descending order of cxlxctcd Impact on military operations It no preventive
            measures arc taken. The order provided does not take Into account possible extraordinary events sucit as
            periodic epidemics of highly cyclic diseases, natural disasters, or armed contlicl

                  DISEASES WMI SIIORT INCUBATION PEIZIODS (USUALLY LCSS -II IAN 15 1)AYS)

            ACUTE DVJMIE&L DISEASES (6 hours to 10 days)
                  Transmission: Ingestion of causatlvcigcnis or their to;dns In contawriated food or water.
                  Risk PerloWDistribution: Occur year-round, with overall lticrmmd Incidence ftom July to
                      September. Viral cases incrcwc from December to March, bacterial cases from Juno to October.
                      Occur countrywide, but are more common in rural village areas outside the cdpital city area ofi
                      Muscat.
                  Remnrks: Frequently occurring pathogeis include enterotoxigcnic Esclierichia coli (MEC),
                      rotavirus(mostcommoninchildrcn),Sltigcllaspp.,Salinotiellaspp.,andCarnpylobacterspp.
                      'Dese diseases arc the most coffirnon causes of morbidity among (lie local population (there were
                      293,810 reported cases in 1983). Both the risk and the overall Incidence of these diseases tire
                      decreasing in the capital city area of Muscat, where ilia water Is potable. Nevertheless, scule
                      diarrheal diseases remain a problem for nonindigcnous personnel, especially In areas other then
                      Muscat. Shigellosis, usually due to Sliigella soiazeior S.Jlexttcri, Is common, and reports of
monella spp. and
                      Sltigella spp. isolates.

             MALARIA (12 to 14 days)
                  Transmission/Vector Ecology: Bitc of an infective mosquito (Aitoplicles spp.).,no primary mosquito
                      vectors arc Air. stepheitsi (in urban areas) and AiL culicifacies (in rural areas).
                  Risic. Period/Distributton: Transmission occurs year-round, wigi a seasonni peak from November to
                      April. Malaria transmission occurs below 2,000 metcrs elevation In ilia lnlnnd inountaltious village
                      areas of north-central Oman, especially around Nazwa. Tmnsrrdssion also occurs along the ]3atinah
                      coastal plain north of the Seeb Intem.-itional AirpoM to the northern border with (lie tjtgtcd Arab
                      Emirates. The capital area around Muscat and the soulliem Dliofar region are fisk-fice, although
                      Uic mosquito vectors arc present at some locations. The most Intense transn-dssion occurs In the
                      inland mountain village areas.
                  Rem-.irks: Most clinical cases occur In the Inland mountain arcas.'Me countrywide slide positivity
                      rate is 2 to 3 percent. Clinical cases usually are seen from November to December, with epidetlitcs
                      occurring in we( years (such as 1988). As a result of an active control program, Ilia number of cases
                      reported countrywide has declined from more thin 300,000 per year (1976 to 1983) to 24,619
                      (1988). Plasmodiumfalcij)arum causes more than 80 percent of ilia Indigenous cases, with P. vivax
                      causing flic remaining cases. An active monitoring program has not detected drug-tesistant
                      faiciparum malaria.

             ACU-M RRSPIRATORY I)ISEASRS (I to 10 days)
                  Trunsmission: Direct or indircci contact with infccflous droplets.
nd, with lnc=scd Incidence from July to August due to
                      dusty conditions and from Dc=mbcr to rcbruttry due to lnnuenza activity.
                  Remarks: Acute respiratory diseases are the most common causes of morbidity during the winter
                      months and may be a major source of morbidity among nonindlgcnous personnel.





              revised, A-,;' 1990

Document 79 f:/Week-22/BX001433/MEDICAL REPORTING-DIVISION SURGEON/medical report 14 aug 90:12179611151420
Control Fields 17
File Room = may96_declassified
File Cabinet = Week-22
Box ID = BX001433
Unit = 24TH ID
Parent Organization = XVIII CORPS
Folder Title = MEDICAL REPORTING-DIVISION SURGEON
Folder Seq # = 456
Subject = MEDICAL REPORT 14 AUG 90
Document Seq # = 17
Document Date =
Scan Date =
Queued for Declassification = 01-JAN-1980
Short Term Referral = 01-JAN-1980
Long Term Referral = 01-JAN-1980
Permanent Referral = 01-JAN-1980
Non-Health Related Document = 01-JAN-1980
Declassified = 17-DEC-1996