ANTHOLOGY AND ANN(YTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY                                      99


and variety--were clumsily laid, most visible atop the ground.  Before dawn,
they each spent about two hours digging small trenches, called `1hides," in the
damp sand. From sunup to sundown, with burlap veil covering their bodies and
faces, the men peered through binoculars at an Iraqi encampment just over 1,000
yards away.
   "They were like civilians thrown into a military environment," Sgt. Troy G.
Mitchell, 25, of Big Lake, Minn., said of the Iraqis he watched in the camp.
"They milled around, we never saw them carrying rifles, they had no patrols,
they had no reaction to the air power flying over them."

                          Cluster Bombs at Teatime.

   Two days after the teams returned, American forces dispatched FA-IS
Hornet attack planes to bomb the campsite, then sent armored vehicles in full
daylight across the border to within 100 yards of the encampment, from where
they demolished the site.  "A lot of people got killed," said one reconnaissance
team member.
   At a U.S. military observation border post on the coast to the east, other
reconnaissance teams observed seemingly oblivious Iraqi military officers, who
gathered on the veranda of a deserted holiday hotel each afternoon to sip coffee
and tea and watch the allied bombers flying overhead to targets farther north.
On Jan. 20, the reconnaissance teams called in an air strike, which dropped a
cluster bomb on the hotel patio, killing the officers during teatime.
   Senior U.S. military leaders say they remain mystified as to why no chemical
weapons stores have been found on the battlefield, after numerous captured
soldiers and officers told them that the Iraqi forces were planned to use the
weapons.    While virtually all of the Iraqi forces were equipped with chemical
protective masks and suits--some of which were American-made--many left their
equipment in their bunkers when they surrendered.  While allied forces found
some yellow-painted artillery shells--yellow is the chemical-weapons warning
color--they have been unable to confirm the presence of any chemical or
biological weapons.
   Allied commanders now believe that the number of Iraqi forces remaining
in Kuwait and southern Iraq had diminished significantly by the time the ground
war started as a result of almost six weeks of aerial bombing, as well as
desertions.  While some Iraqi officers told American military officials that the
bombing had resulted in minimal deaths in their units, others reported massive
deaths from the bombings.
   U.S. military officials attribute the rapid capitulation of the Iraqi military to
a combination of the brutal and relentless air attacks, the overwhelming ground
assault from directions never expected by entrenched Iraqi troops and the Iraqi
military's inability to adjust artillery and other weaponry and react quickly
enough to repel the advancing land forces.   The powerful military punches,
combined with the pervasive lack of commitment to a cause Iraqi forces did not
understand or support, led to surrenders of such massive proportions that they